Doping in cycling

Administration of anabolic steroids and other medications that increase performance is widespread among amateur and professional sportspeople. It isn’t surprisingly, when athletes test positive for forbidden preparations. But there are some unusual cases, when an individual tests positive for numerous forbidden products. Here is a case.
The teenage amateur French cyclist Alexandre Dougnier tested positive for over 10 prohibited medications, including more than 5 steroid metabolites. It was at a race in France in May, 2011. He has been sentenced to 3-year ban from competitions.
It was determined that this young cyclist had used such steroids, as Anavar, Dianabol and Winstrol. Other steroid metabolites which were found in his urine sample were following; 3-Hydroxystanozolol, 16b-Hydroxystanozolol, 4b-Hydroxystanozolol, Oxandrolone, epi-Oxandrolone, 6b-Hydroxymethandienone and 17-epi-Methandienone.
Alexandre Dougnier was a member of the Parisian Athletic Club de Boulogne-Billancourt. Some persons notice that Alexandre Dougnier might have been a follower of the club’s doper Jacques Anquetil. This person has been considered to be a famous individual of cycling’s history. Jacques Anquetil was a member of the club de Boulogne-Billancourt in 1950s and 1960s. He was the first cyclist who had won the Tour de France 5 times. This cyclist had got also 2 Olympic medals.
Jacques Anquetil took steroids and other performance-enhancing drugs. Moreover, this cyclist defended doping during a TV debate with the French sports minister. He noticed that it was not possible to endure cold, heat waves and rain in mountains during cycling without doping. He mentioned that only a fool individual would endure this agony related to the extreme sport of cycling without performance-enhancing drugs. This celebrated cyclist noted that drug testing might deprive individual liberty. Jacques Anquetil said that everybody doped.
It is important to notice steroids were not so widespread among cyclists in 1950s and 1960s. Intake of more dangerous amphetamines was more widespread during those years. As for usage of anabolic steroids, it has become more widespread during past 2 decades.
Let mention which affirmations have been said about steroids, when other cyclists have used them. When Floyd Landis was caught using testosterone, it was argued by his legal team that neither anabolic steroids, nor other performance-enhancing drugs were able to enhance performance in cyclists. As for the distributor of steroids Joseph Papp, he didn’t agree with this affirmation. He noticed that intake of steroids was widespread in elite cycling. According to his words, any individual may apply testosterone gels in a clever way without being caught by anti-doping programs: users of transdermal testosterone must take in consideration time of detection.
Alexandre Dougnier was not cautious and didn’t put efforts to avoid detection. He probably didn’t suppose that cyclists would be tested for prohibited medicines at the race in Aubervilliers.